Data for intentional down loading of cartridges won't be found in the reloading manual, primarily because no one is interested in it.
Downloading can be done safely in many cases using many different powders, but some combinations of case and powder are definitely not suitable and can be very dangerous.
I can down load a .22 Hornet to be a .22LR or a .22 WMR if I want, and its very cool for certain things. I could download a .308 to be a .30-30 (or a 7.62x39), but I don't bother, its simpler to just use a .30-30 if that is the performance level I need, and for some reason can't use more. (no idea what situation that would be, other than someone who could not physically tolerate the difference in recoil)
In a single shot, or manual repeater, you can do anything you want. Semi autos are built to operate within a fairly narrow window of specs. Sometimes, you can expand that window by modifying the gun, sometimes, you can't.
If you are looking for data on a reduced load for the .308Win, I would suggest looking at cast bullet data for some starting points, and experiment carefully.
Medium or faster burn rate powders will be your best bets, avoid downloading with slow burning powders, bad things have been known to happen.
Good Luck.