Depends on what you got. .30-06 is pretty easy to separate from 9mm.
Coin sorters have used a downward inclined ramp to peel off denominations by mass/weight = heavier stuff rolls further & gets dumped into segregated "buckets" depending on "denomination." Doubtful this'd work very well for brass due to the variances in rolling atttributes.
May be able to contrive a centrifugal apparatii - a semi-inclined planed, internally cone-shaped based sorter re cartridge weight. Varying rotational speed rates for different calibers. Oops! don't forget the niches/holes for segregation .... & attitudes ....
Sorry & I know, I'm bad today. My Mom has been told ....
"Easiest" way I know how to sort is to pitch 9mm/.38/.357 & 40 S&W/45 ACP into the same tumbler. The 9s/.38 always gets stuck into the 40/45 & is a cast-iron bitc# to separate. But, you always know which is which.
branrot, really. Best I've ever done is to lay 'em all out on a flat surface so you can see'em all.
Have enough containers ready to accomodate whatever it is you think you'll get out of the mix.
Using MOE (Mark One Eyeball), grab out those that are most obvious to you & stuff 'em into their category container for caliber segregation.
You'll make mistakes. .380 looks alot like 9mm, .38 specials will confuse you enough w/.357 mag that you'll do another quick sort, 40 S&W look alot like 10mm - not a lot, but enough. After it's all segregated, do a search over each pile & remove/resort all those you've missed. A final sort will be when you run 'em through the initial resizer.
Far as I'm aware, you now have the secret of perfect range brass sorting.
It's a real pain. But, the big plus = it's "free" brass.
TANSTAAFL
PS - essentially the exact same thing capbuster said in 100X the words ....