For rifle, Randolf Constantine recommended 300 yards as giving you enough range to see bullet drop variation with MV variation and for wind not to be unmanageable if you pick the right time of day. Most of us are stuck with 100 yards, however. At that range the MV spread won't have much effect on vertical point of impact and drift that is opening groups up doesn't have a lot of time to act, so resolving changes in group size becomes difficult, making something like Dan Newberry's OCW method more effective at locating nodes. You can, at that range, use your chronograph to find velocity flat spots to get starting points for firing Newberry round robins with fewer rounds in them, and you can still tell a bughole from a less perfect load. So you can do the development anywhere, provided you compensate. At 300 yards the old Audette ladder works and if you have found velocity nodes, it, too, can be shortened for fine tuning the loads.
For the 1911 it is 50 yards for me, same as the standard NRA slow fire target.