In Stratford Connecticut, Douglas McClennahan, a young gun designer who had previously worked for Colt, High Standard, and Sturm, Ruger founded Charter Arms in 1964 to produce affordable high-quality, reliable handguns. His first pistol was a lightweight, five-shot revolver called "The Undercover" chambered for .38 Special. McClennahan's innovation was to eschew the side plate designs used by other revolver makers for a one-piece frame, giving the new revolver a strength that allowed it to safely shoot hot loads. McClennahan also reduced the number of moving parts used in the gun and created a safety device for the firing pin.
At just 16 ounces, the new gun was the smallest, lightest steel-framed revolver in the world with the fewest moving parts. A unique hammer block system gave gun owners protection against unintentional discharges. The Undercover's high quality, light weight, and reasonable price made it popular with gun enthusiasts and law officers. It became the basis of Charter's success, and the platform upon which a comprehensive line of affordable, reliable firearms was built, including the .44 Bulldog. With the tough frame, the .44 Special that weighed less than 22 ounces became famed as the most powerful snub-nosed handgun in existence. In 1981, stainless revolvers were introduced.
The company went bankrupt in the 1990s, but the Charter design and mark was resurrected for the 21st Century by Charter 2000 in Sheldon, which was founded by the Ecker family of professional craftsmen. The new company capitalized on the fame of the old Charter Arms revolvers, which had fewer critical moving parts and a simpler design that allowed for trouble-free operation.