I've held a carbon upper. The guy who owns it said he has won some tournaments with it. As far as how long the carbon fiber will hold up, it all depends. Depending on the quality of the carbon fiber used-and the method of bonding the carbon fibers together-greatly affects the performance of the weapon.
Carbon fiber has it's purposes. For example; The F-35 JSF's frame is made entirely of carbon fiber. Carbon has a higher strength to weight ratio than steel by a long shot. Carbon is very wear resistant-saw blades for cutting metal and high-speed grinder disks use carbon fiber. Carbon is very heat resistant. Last i looked, it burns at around 10,000 degrees. CF is also brittle is the bonding process is cheap.
I would say go with Carbin upper, if that's what you want. In the long run, i don't know how well a carbon upper will hold up compared to 7075 aluminum or carbon steel, but, it's worth a shot.
I don't mind polymer or carbon fiber on my guns, i have a polymer shotgun and an XD, so, whatever floats your boat.