Yes. A steady diet of them. For years. Without a hiccup. They're tough.
S&W says that all model-numbered (i.e. 1957 and later) .38Spl all-steel K frames can handle +P with no reservations. Almost all 3" guns are 1970s and later production and they all have steel frames, so you're good to go.
Mandatory Disclaimer: .38Spl
+P+ should not be fired in any .38Spl K frame S&W revolver, or pretty much any other medium-frame .38 for that matter. Some +P+ ammo is loaded close to .357Mag pressures and is only safe in a .357Mag revolver or a large-frame .38Spl gun such as a S&W .38/44 or a Colt New Service.