It is my understanding that you can shoot both .223 and 5.56 out of a 5.56 chamber, but you cannot shoot 5.56 through a gun chambered in .223. Something to do with the higher pressures
No sir, that is not correct, I've been shooting 5.56 in my 223 chambered Rem bolt gun for 30 years. That was my Le Sniper rifle which I carried 5.56 ball as a service round.
I was also running the AK NG Marksmanship program which gave me acess to tons of 5.56 that we shot in serveral chambers, both 223 and 5.56.
Now I'm shooting a White Oak AR in Service Rifle HP matches. Its has a tighter then normal 223 chamber but still shoots the 5.56 with ZERO signs of pressure.
The problem comes with reloads. One has to make sure the cases are propertly sized as in all gas guns, the bolt starts openning while the bullet is still in the barrel. This means you still have pressure building up inside the case, pushing the should forward while the bolt is pulling the rim backwards. One needs to chech the case making sure the shoulder is set back propertly, With a Wilson Case Gage or simular tool. You slide the case in the gage making sure the base is flush. It not you run into failure to chamber, faliure to extract, or in worse cases, slam fires. Slam fires are not that common with the ARs as they are with the M1A and M1s.
Anyway, to see what I'm talking about regarding the 5.56 and 223s, that a factory round of each, (or unfired new cases) and you'll see the will be flush in the wilson case gage.
Contrary to all the rumers, you can shoot both 223s and 5.56 in the 223 Chambers and visa versa.