The Winchester Model 1890, often referred to as the "pump 22," holds a special place in the hearts of many shooters. Its compact size, reliable action, and versatility make it a popular choice for plinking, small game hunting, and even informal target practice. This guide delves into the details of the Winchester pump action 22 short, covering its history, features, variations, and considerations for prospective buyers.
A Look Back at History: The Legacy of the Winchester 1890
Introduced in 1890 (hence the name!), the Winchester Model 1890 was a revolutionary design for its time. It utilized a simple yet robust pump-action mechanism, allowing for quick and efficient cycling of rounds. This design, combined with the relatively inexpensive and widely available .22 Short cartridge, quickly propelled the firearm to popularity. While other manufacturers offered similar pump-action .22 rifles, the Winchester 1890 established a benchmark for reliability and ease of use. It quickly became a staple in households across America, cherished for its practicality and affordability.
Key Features of the Winchester Pump 22 Short
The enduring appeal of the Winchester 1890 rests on several key features:
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Caliber: Primarily chambered in .22 Short, although some variations also accommodated .22 Long and .22 Long Rifle cartridges. The .22 Short's low recoil and manageable power make it ideal for beginners and casual shooters.
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Pump-Action Mechanism: The signature pump action offers smooth, reliable cycling, allowing for rapid follow-up shots. This is a significant advantage compared to bolt-action or lever-action designs, particularly when dealing with fast-moving targets.
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Tube Magazine: The tubular magazine located beneath the barrel holds a substantial number of rounds, reducing the need for frequent reloading. This feature contributes to the rifle's practicality for plinking and informal target shooting.
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Compact and Lightweight Design: The rifle's relatively small size and light weight make it easy to handle and transport, particularly appealing for younger shooters or those who prefer a more maneuverable firearm.
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Ease of Maintenance: The simple design contributes to ease of maintenance and cleaning, making it an excellent choice for both experienced and novice gun owners.
Variations and Models: Understanding the Differences
While the basic design remained consistent, several variations of the Winchester Model 1890 exist. These variations often involve differences in stock material, finish, and sight configurations. Some models featured more ornate engraving or higher-grade wood stocks, catering to a more discerning clientele. Collectors often focus on identifying these subtle variations to determine a firearm's age and value. Thorough research is crucial for accurately identifying a specific model within this extensive range.
Considerations for Prospective Buyers
Before purchasing a Winchester pump 22 short, several factors should be considered:
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Condition: Older firearms may require significant restoration or repair. Inspecting the firearm carefully for signs of wear, damage, or rust is essential. A knowledgeable gunsmith's assessment is highly recommended before purchasing any used firearm.
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Legality: Always ensure compliance with all applicable local, state, and federal laws regarding firearm ownership and use.
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Safety: Proper firearm safety training is crucial before handling any firearm, regardless of caliber or design. Never point a firearm at anything you don't intend to shoot and always treat every firearm as if it were loaded.
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Ammunition Availability: While .22 Short ammunition is generally readily available, supply can fluctuate. It's advisable to purchase a quantity sufficient for your needs and to check availability before committing to significant shooting sessions.
Conclusion: The Enduring Charm of the Winchester Pump 22 Short
The Winchester pump 22 short remains a popular and highly sought-after firearm. Its simple design, reliable action, and manageable caliber make it ideal for a wide range of applications. However, potential buyers should carefully consider the firearm's condition, legal aspects, and safety precautions before making a purchase. With proper care and responsible use, the Winchester Model 1890 can provide years of enjoyment and reliable service. This classic firearm's enduring legacy is a testament to its quality and enduring appeal.
