The military's use of shotguns is less prevalent than that of rifles or pistols, but these versatile weapons still hold a significant, albeit specialized, role. While the exact models and quantities vary across branches and even specific units, several shotguns consistently appear in military inventories worldwide. This article delves into the types of shotguns used by various militaries, exploring their applications and the reasons behind their selection.
Types of Military Shotguns: A Closer Look
Military shotguns are chosen for their unique capabilities, differing significantly from civilian models in terms of features and modifications. Key characteristics often include:
- Robust Construction: Military shotguns need to withstand harsh conditions and rigorous use, demanding durable materials and construction.
- Modular Design: Adaptability is crucial. Military shotguns often feature interchangeable barrels and stocks, allowing for customization to specific missions.
- Reliable Function: Malfunctions are unacceptable in combat. Military-grade shotguns are designed for impeccable reliability in various environments.
- Accessory Mounting: Picatinny rails and other mounting systems allow for the addition of tactical accessories like lights, lasers, and scopes.
Here's a breakdown of commonly used military shotgun types:
1. Remington 870: A Classic Workhorse
The Remington 870 pump-action shotgun remains a staple for many military and law enforcement agencies globally. Its reliability, simplicity, and wide availability contribute to its enduring popularity. Numerous variants exist, often modified with military-specific features like extended magazines and tactical stocks. Its versatility makes it suitable for close-quarters combat (CQB), breaching doors, and controlling crowds.
2. Mossberg 500/590: A Contender to the Remington 870
Often seen as a direct competitor to the Remington 870, the Mossberg 500/590 series offers similar reliability and a slightly different action. The 590A1, in particular, is known for its robust construction and is favored by some military branches for its durability and ease of maintenance. Like the Remington 870, it’s adaptable to various tactical situations.
3. Benelli M1014: The Semi-Automatic Option
For situations demanding rapid follow-up shots, semi-automatic shotguns like the Benelli M1014 offer a significant advantage. This shotgun's gas-operated action ensures smooth cycling, even under stress. The M1014 is favored by special operations forces and other units requiring high firepower in close-quarters engagements.
4. Other Notable Mentions
While the Remington 870, Mossberg 500/590, and Benelli M1014 are prominent, other shotguns find their place in military arsenals depending on specific needs and national procurement policies. These could include domestically produced models tailored to a particular nation's military requirements.
Military Applications of Shotguns
Shotguns aren't primary weapons in most military conflicts. Their roles are more specialized and tactical:
- Close-Quarters Combat (CQB): Shotguns excel at close range, delivering devastating firepower in confined spaces.
- Breaching: Specialized breaching rounds can be used to quickly force entry into structures.
- Crowd Control: Less-lethal rounds can be employed to subdue unruly crowds or disperse protests.
- Vehicle Defense: Shotguns can be effective against threats approaching vehicles, particularly in urban environments.
Conclusion: Adaptability and Reliability are Key
Military shotguns are selected for their ruggedness, reliability, and adaptability to various tactical situations. While not the primary weapon systems, they serve a crucial niche in close-quarters combat, breaching operations, and crowd control. The enduring popularity of models like the Remington 870 and Mossberg 500/590 speaks volumes about their effectiveness and longevity in military service. The choice of specific shotguns depends heavily on the needs of individual military branches and units, reflecting the diverse operational requirements faced by modern armed forces.
