The forward assist is a small but crucial component found on many modern semi-automatic rifles, most notably the AR-15 platform. Understanding its function, proper usage, and potential downsides is vital for responsible firearm ownership. This guide will provide a detailed explanation of what a forward assist does, when to use it (and when not to), and its overall role in reliable firearm operation.
Understanding the Mechanism of the Forward Assist
The forward assist is a lever, typically located on the upper receiver of the rifle, just above the ejection port. Its purpose is to assist in the complete chambering of a round in cases where the bolt hasn't fully seated the cartridge into the chamber. This can happen for a variety of reasons, which we'll explore further below. Essentially, the forward assist provides a mechanical boost to push the bolt forward, ensuring a reliable lockup.
When to Use the Forward Assist (and When Not To)
While the forward assist might seem like a quick fix for any malfunction, it's crucial to understand its appropriate use. Overuse can lead to unnecessary wear and tear on your firearm.
Appropriate Use Cases:
- Bolt doesn't fully close: If you feel resistance or hear a clicking sound when attempting to chamber a round, and the charging handle is fully to the rear, the forward assist might help. This often indicates the round isn't fully seated.
- Slight misalignment: In rare instances, a slight misalignment of the cartridge can prevent complete chambering. The forward assist can help overcome this minor obstruction.
- Ammunition Issues: Sometimes, the ammunition itself might be the culprit. A slightly dented or deformed cartridge case can cause problems with reliable feeding and chambering. The forward assist may help in these cases, but addressing the ammunition issue is crucial.
When NOT to Use the Forward Assist:
- Double Feeds: If you experience a double feed (two rounds attempting to enter the chamber simultaneously), using the forward assist is not the solution. Attempting to force the bolt forward in this situation can potentially damage your firearm. Clear the malfunction using the proper procedure for your specific firearm.
- Out-of-Battery Malfunctions: If the round is not properly seated and the bolt is out of battery, attempting to use the forward assist is dangerous and could result in injury. Address the malfunction by clearing the weapon and identifying the cause.
- Stovepipes/Failure to Eject: These malfunctions are separate issues and require different troubleshooting steps than using the forward assist. Again, clearing the weapon safely and addressing the root cause is essential.
Potential Downsides of Forward Assist Overuse
While the forward assist is a helpful tool, its overuse can contribute to several issues:
- Wear and Tear: Excessive use can put unnecessary stress on the bolt and other internal components, leading to premature wear and potentially malfunction.
- False Sense of Security: Relying too heavily on the forward assist can mask underlying issues with your ammunition, firearm maintenance, or even the firearm itself. Addressing the root cause of malfunctions is always the preferred method.
Conclusion: Responsible Forward Assist Usage
The forward assist is a valuable feature designed to assist in specific situations, but it's not a catch-all solution for every malfunction. Understanding its proper usage, alongside comprehensive firearm safety and maintenance practices, is vital for responsible gun ownership and safe operation. Always prioritize safe handling and troubleshooting procedures before resorting to the forward assist. If malfunctions persist, consult a qualified gunsmith for inspection and repair.
