Turkey hunting demands precision and power, and choosing the right ammunition is paramount to a successful hunt. While 12-gauge shotguns are popular, the 20-gauge offers a lighter recoil, making it a preferred choice for many hunters, especially those new to the sport or seeking a more manageable firearm. This guide delves into the specifics of choosing the best 20-gauge turkey shells for your hunting needs.
Understanding 20 Gauge Turkey Shell Variations
The 20-gauge market offers a variety of turkey shells, each designed with specific characteristics to optimize performance. Key factors to consider include:
1. Shot Size:
- #4 Shot: A popular all-around choice, offering a good balance of pattern density and range. Ideal for shots within 40 yards.
- #5 Shot: Provides a denser pattern at closer ranges, making it effective for shorter shots. Penetration might be slightly less than #4.
- #6 Shot: Best suited for extremely close-range shots, offering a very dense pattern but limited effective range.
The best shot size depends heavily on your hunting style and preferred shooting distance. Practice with different shot sizes to determine what works best for you and your firearm.
2. Payload:
This refers to the amount of shot in each shell. A heavier payload generally translates to more knock-down power, but also increases recoil. Common payloads in 20-gauge turkey shells range from 1 1/8 ounces to 1 3/8 ounces.
3. Choke Tube:
The choke tube significantly impacts the shot pattern. A tighter choke (e.g., extra-full) creates a tighter pattern, ideal for longer shots, while a more open choke (e.g., modified) produces a wider pattern, better suited for close-range shots. Experimenting with different choke tubes is crucial to finding the optimal combination for your shotgun and chosen shell.
4. Shell Type:
- Lead Shot: While effective, lead shot is becoming increasingly restricted or banned in many areas due to environmental concerns.
- Non-Toxic Shot: This includes alternatives like steel, bismuth, or tungsten-based shot. These options are typically harder and may require different choke tube adjustments to achieve optimal patterns. Always check your state's regulations regarding the legality of different shot types.
Choosing the Right 20 Gauge Turkey Shell for You
The optimal choice depends on your hunting style and personal preferences. Consider these factors:
- Hunting Style: Are you a close-range hunter or do you prefer longer shots?
- Shot Distance: Your typical shooting distance will heavily influence shot size and choke selection.
- Shotgun and Choke: Your shotgun's specifications and available choke tubes will further narrow down your options.
- Recoil Sensitivity: If recoil is a concern, consider a lighter payload.
Beyond the Basics: Understanding Shell Technology
Modern turkey shells often incorporate advanced technologies to enhance performance:
- Hevi-Shot: This high-density shot delivers exceptional penetration and energy at longer ranges.
- Improved Wad Designs: Modern wads help create more consistent patterns and reduce pellet deformation.
These advancements can significantly improve your chances of a successful hunt, but they often come at a higher price point.
Conclusion: Preparation is Key
Selecting the right 20-gauge turkey shell involves careful consideration of several factors. Remember to prioritize safety, practice regularly with your chosen ammunition and choke, and always comply with local hunting regulations. With the right preparation and the correct ammunition, you'll be well-equipped for a successful turkey hunting season.
