The M16 lower parts kit is the heart of your AR-15 build, housing the crucial components responsible for the rifle's functionality. Choosing the right kit is critical, affecting reliability, performance, and even legality. This comprehensive guide will delve into the intricacies of M16 lower parts kits, helping both novice builders and experienced enthusiasts make informed decisions.
Understanding the M16 Lower Parts Kit: More Than Just Parts
An M16 lower parts kit includes all the internal components that fit inside the lower receiver, excluding the receiver itself. These parts work together to control the firing cycle, ensuring smooth and reliable operation. The specific components included can vary slightly between manufacturers, but a typical kit will contain:
- Hammer: Strikes the firing pin, igniting the cartridge.
- Hammer Pin: Securely holds the hammer in place.
- Disconnector: Prevents automatic fire in semi-automatic rifles.
- Trigger: Initiates the firing sequence.
- Trigger Pin: Holds the trigger and disconnector in place.
- Bolt Catch: Locks the bolt to the rear after the last round is fired.
- Bolt Catch Pin: Secures the bolt catch.
- Ejector: Ejects spent casings from the rifle.
- Ejector Pin: Holds the ejector in place.
- Firing Pin: Ignites the primer in the cartridge.
- Firing Pin Retaining Pin: Holds the firing pin in place.
- Safety Selector: Controls the rifle's firing mode (safe, semi-automatic, and potentially burst/automatic, depending on the receiver).
- Safety Detent: Holds the safety selector in place.
- Safety Detent Spring: Provides tension for the safety detent.
- Magazine Catch: Holds the magazine securely in place.
- Magazine Catch Button: The button used to release the magazine.
- Lower Parts Kit (Optional) - Sometimes included: A separate kit containing springs and other smaller parts essential for proper functionality.
Choosing the Right M16 Lower Parts Kit: Key Considerations
Selecting an M16 lower parts kit requires careful consideration of several factors:
1. Material Quality:
The materials used in manufacturing significantly impact durability and reliability. Look for kits made from high-quality materials like hardened steel and durable polymers. Cheap materials can lead to premature wear and malfunctions.
2. Manufacturer Reputation:
Reputable manufacturers prioritize quality control and adhere to strict standards. Researching manufacturers and reading reviews can help you identify reliable brands known for producing high-quality parts.
3. Compatibility:
Ensure the kit is compatible with your specific lower receiver. While most M16 lower parts kits are designed for standard AR-15 lowers, some variations might exist, particularly with mil-spec versus commercial specifications. Always double-check compatibility before purchasing.
4. Budget:
M16 lower parts kits are available at various price points. While higher-priced kits often use superior materials and construction, finding a good balance between quality and cost is crucial.
5. Intended Use:
The intended use of the rifle will influence your choice of kit. For example, a kit intended for competition shooting might prioritize smoother trigger operation, while a kit for defensive purposes would need to be highly reliable under stress.
Building Your AR-15: A Step-by-Step Guide (General Overview)
While a detailed step-by-step guide is beyond the scope of this article, here's a general overview of installing the lower parts kit:
- Prepare the Lower Receiver: Ensure your lower receiver is clean and free of debris.
- Install the Hammer and Trigger: Carefully install the hammer and trigger pins, followed by the hammer and trigger themselves.
- Install the Safety Selector: Install the safety selector detent and spring, followed by the safety selector.
- Install the Bolt Catch and Ejector: Install these components, ensuring they are properly seated and secured with their respective pins.
- Install the Magazine Catch: Securely install the magazine catch and button.
- Install the Firing Pin and Retaining Pin: Install the firing pin and its retaining pin. This requires precision.
- Assemble the Disconnector: Insert the disconnector and ensure it engages correctly.
- Final Inspection: Thoroughly inspect your assembled lower to verify proper installation and functionality of all parts.
Disclaimer: Always prioritize safety when handling firearms and components. If you are unsure about any step of the assembly process, seek assistance from a qualified gunsmith. Local laws regarding firearm assembly and ownership vary greatly. Ensure you are complying with all applicable federal, state, and local regulations.
