The late 1800s represent a fascinating era in firearms history, a time of rapid innovation and evolving design in shotguns. Double barrel shotguns, in particular, saw significant advancements during this period, becoming popular for hunting, sport shooting, and even self-defense. This guide delves into the world of late 19th-century double barrel shotguns, exploring their features, manufacturers, and the factors that make them desirable collector's items today.
Identifying Key Features of Late 1800s Double Barrel Shotguns
Several key features distinguish late 19th-century double barrel shotguns from their earlier or later counterparts. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for both collectors and those interested in learning more about this era of firearms.
Action Types:
- Side-by-Side (SXS): The most common configuration, featuring two barrels arranged side-by-side. These were popular for their balance and swing characteristics.
- Over-and-Under (O/U): While less prevalent in the late 1800s than SXS, some manufacturers began experimenting with O/U designs, laying the groundwork for their future popularity.
Barrel Construction and Materials:
- Damascus Steel: Often prized by collectors, Damascus barrels, made through a process of welding together different steel layers, were known for their strength and pattern. However, their inconsistent performance and potential for unpredictable failure led to their decline in popularity.
- Fluid Steel: As the technology improved, manufacturers transitioned towards fluid steel barrels, offering greater consistency and reliability compared to Damascus.
- Proof Marks: Look closely for proof marks stamped on the barrels. These markings indicate the shotgun has undergone testing to ensure it can safely withstand a specific pressure. Understanding these marks can provide valuable insights into the shotgun's origins and quality.
Stock and Forend:
- Wood Types: Walnut was a favored wood for stocks and forends due to its strength, beauty, and workability. Other hardwoods were also used.
- Checkering: Intricate checkering patterns on the stock and forend were often a sign of higher-quality craftsmanship.
Prominent Manufacturers of Late 1800s Double Barrel Shotguns
Several manufacturers established themselves as leading producers of high-quality double barrel shotguns during this period. Researching the maker can significantly increase a shotgun’s value and historical context. Some notable names include:
- Parker: Known for their exceptional quality and craftsmanship, Parker shotguns are highly sought after by collectors.
- L.C. Smith: Another renowned manufacturer, L.C. Smith shotguns are prized for their robust construction and elegant designs.
- Fox: Fox shotguns, particularly those made in the late 1800s, are known for their fine workmanship and attention to detail.
- A.H. Fox Gun Company: These are highly collectible guns.
- Ithaca: Ithaca Gun Company produced a wide range of shotguns, some of which are valuable to collectors.
This list is not exhaustive, and many other smaller manufacturers produced double barrel shotguns during this era.
Collecting Late 1800s Double Barrel Shotguns: What to Consider
Collecting antique firearms requires careful consideration and understanding. The condition, rarity, and maker significantly influence the value.
Factors Affecting Value:
- Condition: The overall condition of the shotgun is paramount. Original finish, minimal wear, and a complete set of parts all contribute to higher value.
- Rarity: Certain models and manufacturers produced fewer shotguns, thus increasing their rarity and collector value.
- Provenance: Knowing the history of a shotgun, including its previous owners, can significantly enhance its value.
- Engraving: Intricate and high-quality engraving increases the value, especially on higher-end models.
Responsible Ownership:
Remember, these are antique firearms. Proper handling, storage, and safety measures are essential for responsible ownership. Never attempt to fire an antique firearm without consulting a qualified gunsmith to assess its condition and safety.
Conclusion: A Legacy of Craftsmanship
Late 1800s double barrel shotguns represent a significant chapter in firearms history, embodying a combination of craftsmanship, innovation, and enduring elegance. For collectors and enthusiasts, these shotguns offer a tangible connection to a bygone era, showcasing the artistry and skill of a time when firearm production was a blend of traditional techniques and emerging technologies. Understanding the various factors discussed here will help collectors and enthusiasts navigate this fascinating and rewarding area of collecting.
