Preserving animal hides with fur intact requires careful attention to detail and a methodical approach. Whether you've harvested the hide yourself or acquired it ethically from a reputable source, proper preservation ensures the fur's longevity and prevents damage. This guide details the crucial steps involved, from initial fleshing to final tanning and storage.
Essential Tools and Materials
Before you begin, gather the necessary tools and materials. Improvisation can lead to irreversible damage, so investing in the right equipment is vital. You'll need:
- Sharp knife or fleshing tool: For removing excess flesh and fat.
- Scraper: To further clean the hide.
- Salting materials: Non-iodized salt is crucial for the initial curing process. You'll need a substantial amount, depending on the size of the hide.
- Container for salting: A large, clean tub or container to hold the hide and salt.
- Borax (optional): This can help prevent insect infestations during the curing process.
- Tanning materials: The choice of tanning method will dictate the materials needed. Common options include brain tanning (using the animal's brain), commercial tanning solutions, or other natural tanning methods like using bark or berries. Always follow the instructions provided with commercially available tanning solutions.
- Sewing tools (optional): If you plan to make something from the hide, you will need needles and thread suitable for the thickness of the leather.
- Gloves and protective eyewear: To protect yourself from sharp tools and potential irritants.
Step-by-Step Guide to Preserving Animal Skin with Fur
This process is best done as soon as possible after the animal has been harvested. Delaying the process increases the risk of spoilage and bacterial growth.
1. Initial Preparation & Fleshing
- Clean the hide: Remove any excess dirt or blood.
- Fleshing: Using your sharp knife or fleshing tool, carefully remove all remaining flesh, fat, and connective tissue from the skin's surface. This is crucial to prevent putrefaction. Thorough fleshing is key to a successful preservation.
- Scrape the hide: After fleshing, use a scraper to ensure the hide is completely clean.
2. Salting and Curing
- Apply salt generously: Liberally cover both sides of the hide with non-iodized salt. Make sure the salt penetrates the entire hide, working it into the fur. You can add borax at this stage to deter insects.
- Place the hide in a container: Allow the hide to cure for several days or weeks, depending on its thickness and the ambient temperature. The salting process draws out moisture and prevents bacterial growth. During this time, you may need to add more salt, especially if the initial salt becomes damp.
3. Washing and De-salting
- Rinse thoroughly: Once the hide is cured (it will feel stiff and dry), rinse the salt away with cool water. Make sure all the salt is removed.
- Soak (optional): Depending on the tanning method, you may need to soak the hide for a period before proceeding to tanning. Follow the instructions carefully for your chosen tanning method.
4. Tanning
- Choose a tanning method: This is a crucial step and determines the final properties of the preserved skin. Brain tanning is a traditional method using the animal's own brain to soften and preserve the hide. Commercial tanning solutions offer a quicker and more consistent result but require careful adherence to the manufacturer's instructions. Natural tanning methods using plants can also be used but often require more experience and knowledge.
- Follow tanning instructions: Once you choose a method, follow the instructions precisely. This step requires patience and attention to detail, varying considerably in time and procedure depending on the tanning method selected.
5. Finishing and Storage
- Drying: After tanning, carefully dry the hide. Avoid direct sunlight or heat, which can cause shrinkage and damage the fur. Gentle air drying is best.
- Softening: After drying, you may need to soften the leather using oil or conditioners.
- Storage: Store the tanned hide in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Proper storage helps preserve its quality for years to come.
Safety Precautions
- Always use sharp tools carefully.
- Wear gloves and protective eyewear.
- Work in a well-ventilated area.
- Dispose of waste materials properly.
- Follow all safety guidelines for the tanning materials you choose.
This guide provides a general overview. The exact process can vary depending on the animal, the hide's condition, and the chosen tanning method. Remember to research your specific method thoroughly before beginning. With careful preparation and execution, you can successfully preserve an animal hide with fur intact, creating a lasting and valuable keepsake.
