Maintaining your AR-15 rifle is crucial for its longevity, reliable function, and, most importantly, your safety. A key component of this maintenance is proper lubrication, often referred to as oiling. This guide will walk you through the process, highlighting best practices and common mistakes to avoid.
Understanding the Importance of AR-15 Lubrication
Oiling your AR-15 isn't just about preventing rust; it's about reducing friction between moving parts. This friction reduction leads to:
- Reduced wear and tear: Proper lubrication significantly extends the life of your firearm's components.
- Improved accuracy: Smooth operation contributes to consistent and accurate shooting.
- Enhanced reliability: A well-lubricated AR-15 is less prone to malfunctions, jams, and stoppages.
- Prevention of corrosion: Oil protects metal parts from rust and corrosion, especially crucial in humid or wet environments.
Choosing the Right Lubricant for Your AR-15
Not all gun oils are created equal. Look for lubricants specifically designed for firearms. These are typically formulated to withstand high temperatures and pressures, and they often feature additives that help prevent corrosion and fouling. Avoid using general-purpose oils or grease, as these may attract dirt and grime, leading to malfunctions.
Some popular choices include:
- CLP (Cleaner, Lubricant, Protectant): A versatile option that cleans, lubricates, and protects.
- Synthetic gun oils: These often offer superior performance in extreme conditions.
- Specialized AR-15 oils: Some manufacturers offer oils specifically formulated for the AR-15 platform.
Where to Apply Lubricant on Your AR-15
Focus on areas with significant friction and movement. Here's a breakdown of key lubrication points:
Upper Receiver:
- Bolt Carrier Group (BCG): Apply a thin layer of lubricant to the rails of the BCG, focusing on the areas where the BCG interacts with the upper receiver. Avoid over-lubricating; a little goes a long way.
- Cam Pin: A small amount of oil on the cam pin helps ensure smooth operation.
Lower Receiver:
- Hammer and Trigger Pins: A small drop of oil on each pin will help reduce friction.
- Firing Pin: Lubricate the firing pin to ensure smooth and reliable ignition.
Other Areas:
- Buffer Tube: Apply a thin coating of lubricant to the buffer tube and spring.
- Magazine: A light lubrication of the magazine follower can improve reliability. (Note: Avoid excessive lubrication here as it can attract debris.)
The Oiling Process: Step-by-Step
- Clean Your AR-15: Before oiling, thoroughly clean your rifle to remove any dirt, grime, or carbon buildup. This prevents abrasive particles from damaging the metal surfaces.
- Disassemble (Partially): Depending on your comfort level and the extent of cleaning and lubrication needed, you might choose to partially disassemble your rifle. At minimum, ensure you can access the key lubrication points mentioned above.
- Apply Lubricant: Apply a thin, even coat of lubricant to the designated areas. A less-is-more approach is always recommended. Excess lubricant can attract dirt and lead to malfunctions.
- Reassemble: Carefully reassemble your rifle, ensuring all parts are properly seated.
- Cycle the Action: Cycle the bolt a few times to distribute the lubricant evenly.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
- Over-lubrication: Too much oil can attract dirt and lead to malfunctions. A thin coat is all that's necessary.
- Using the Wrong Lubricant: Avoid using general-purpose oils or grease. Use a firearm-specific lubricant.
- Neglecting to Clean: Always clean your rifle before oiling. Lubricating a dirty gun can trap abrasive particles.
- Ignoring Key Areas: Make sure to lubricate all critical friction points mentioned above.
Conclusion
Proper lubrication is a critical aspect of AR-15 maintenance. By following these guidelines and choosing the right lubricant, you can ensure your rifle functions reliably for years to come. Remember, consistency is key. Regular cleaning and lubrication are essential for maintaining your firearm’s performance and your safety. Always consult your firearm's owner's manual for specific recommendations.
