Form 4473, the "Firearm Transaction Record," is a crucial document in the US firearm acquisition process. Understanding how to complete it accurately and completely is vital for both legal compliance and a smooth transaction. This guide will walk you through each section, offering detailed explanations and clarifying common points of confusion.
Understanding the Purpose of Form 4473
Before we delve into the specifics, it's essential to grasp the purpose of Form 4473. This form serves as a record of the firearm transfer, allowing licensed dealers (FFLs) to conduct background checks through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). Accurate completion ensures the legal transfer of firearms and prevents prohibited persons from acquiring them. Inaccurate or incomplete information can lead to delays, denials, and potentially legal repercussions.
Section Breakdown and Completion Instructions
The form itself is lengthy, but breaking it down section by section makes it more manageable. Remember, false statements on this form are a federal crime.
Part 1: Transferee Information
This section gathers personal details about the buyer. Accuracy is paramount.
- Name: Enter your full legal name as it appears on your government-issued identification.
- Address: Provide your complete and current residential address. P.O. boxes are generally unacceptable.
- Date of Birth: Enter your date of birth accurately.
- Place of Birth: Specify the city and state of your birth.
- Height/Weight: Provide your height and weight as requested.
- Race: Choose the appropriate option from the provided list.
- Sex: Choose the appropriate option.
- Social Security Number (SSN): Enter your SSN exactly as it appears on your Social Security card.
- Driver's License/Identification Number: Provide your driver's license or other government-issued identification number. This should match the identification you present to the FFL.
- Alien Registration Number (If Applicable): Only applicable to non-citizens.
- Citizen of: Specify your citizenship.
Part 2: Questions Regarding Firearms Eligibility
This is the most crucial section. Answering these questions honestly and accurately is critical. A "yes" answer to any of these questions typically results in a denial of the firearm sale.
- Questions 1-11: These questions cover a range of factors that could prohibit you from legally owning a firearm, such as prior felony convictions, domestic violence restraining orders, dishonorable discharges from the military, and drug use. If you are unsure about any question, consult with legal counsel before answering.
- Question 12: This question addresses any mental health adjudications that could restrict your right to own a firearm.
Part 3: Firearm Information
This section details the firearm(s) being purchased.
- Make: The manufacturer of the firearm.
- Model: The specific model of the firearm.
- Caliber/Gauge: The caliber or gauge of ammunition used.
- Serial Number: The unique serial number of the firearm. This is crucial for tracking purposes.
Part 4: Dealer Information
This section is completed by the licensed firearms dealer.
Part 5: Certification
This section involves both the transferee (buyer) and the licensed dealer's signatures, signifying that the information provided is accurate and truthful.
Important Considerations
- Review carefully: Take your time to thoroughly review your answers before submitting the form.
- Seek clarification: If you are unsure about any question, don't hesitate to ask the FFL for clarification.
- Consult legal counsel: If you have any concerns about your eligibility to purchase a firearm, consult with a legal professional specializing in firearms law.
- Accurate information is crucial: Remember, providing false information is a serious federal offense.
By carefully and accurately completing Form 4473, you contribute to the safe and legal transfer of firearms. Understanding the process and taking your time to ensure accuracy will make the transaction smoother and ensure compliance with federal regulations. This guide provides a comprehensive overview, but it's not a substitute for legal advice. Always consult with legal professionals if you have specific questions or concerns.
