The M4 carbine, a highly reliable weapon system, can occasionally experience malfunctions. Knowing how to quickly and efficiently clear these malfunctions is crucial for maintaining combat effectiveness and safety. This guide details the steps involved in clearing common M4 malfunctions, emphasizing safety and proficiency.
Understanding M4 Malfunctions
Before diving into clearing techniques, understanding the types of malfunctions is essential. Common M4 malfunctions include:
- Failure to Feed (FTE): The next round fails to properly chamber.
- Failure to Eject (FTE): The spent casing fails to eject from the chamber.
- Failure to Fire (FTF): The weapon fails to fire when the trigger is pulled.
- Double Feed: Two rounds attempt to feed into the chamber simultaneously.
The Four Fundamentals of Malfunction Clearing:
Before you even begin clearing a malfunction, remember the four fundamental steps. These form the foundation of safe and efficient malfunction clearing and should be drilled repeatedly.
- Tap: Tap the magazine sharply on the bottom to ensure the rounds are properly seated.
- Rack: Pull the charging handle firmly and smoothly to the rear and release. This extracts any potentially stuck rounds or casings.
- Roll: Roll the weapon to the side, ensuring that your finger is outside of the trigger guard, and visually inspect the chamber.
- Re-assess: Once the malfunction has been cleared, re-assess the situation. Check your magazine and ensure that you're ready to fire.
Step-by-Step Malfunction Clearing Procedures:
While the four fundamentals form the basis, specific steps might vary slightly based on the malfunction.
Clearing a Failure to Feed (FTE):
- Tap: Tap the magazine.
- Rack: Pull the charging handle fully to the rear and release.
- Roll: Roll the weapon and visually inspect the chamber.
- Re-assess: If the malfunction persists, check the magazine for obstructions or damage.
Clearing a Failure to Eject (FTE):
- Tap: Tap the magazine (this helps if the next round is interfering).
- Rack: Pull the charging handle fully to the rear and release. Often, this will eject the spent casing.
- Roll: Roll the weapon and visually inspect the chamber.
- Re-assess: If the spent casing remains, manually remove it using a cleaning tool. Re-rack the charging handle.
Clearing a Failure to Fire (FTF):
- Tap: Tap the magazine.
- Rack: Pull the charging handle fully to the rear and release.
- Roll: Roll the weapon and visually inspect the chamber.
- Re-assess: Check if there's an issue with ammunition or the weapon itself. A failure to fire could point to more serious problems requiring professional attention.
Clearing a Double Feed:
- Do NOT rack the charging handle! This can potentially damage your weapon.
- Manually remove the obstructing round. This requires careful manipulation; refer to your weapon's manual for specific instructions.
- Re-assess: Once the rounds are cleared, rack the charging handle to ensure correct functioning.
Safety Precautions:
- Always treat the weapon as if it were loaded.
- Keep your finger off the trigger until ready to fire.
- Ensure a safe backstop and clear surroundings before attempting to clear a malfunction.
- Practice regularly in a controlled environment under the supervision of a qualified instructor.
Beyond the Basics: Maintenance and Prevention
Proper maintenance significantly reduces the likelihood of malfunctions. Regular cleaning, lubrication, and inspection are crucial for keeping your M4 in optimal condition.
This guide provides a general overview. Always refer to your weapon's manual for specific instructions and safety guidelines. Regular practice and professional training are highly recommended to develop proficiency in malfunction clearing. Safety is paramount; prioritize safe handling practices above all else.
