Ensuring your rifle has correct headspace is crucial for safety and accuracy. Incorrect headspace can lead to dangerous malfunctions, potentially causing serious injury. This comprehensive guide will walk you through how to check headspace on your rifle, explaining the process clearly and safely. Remember, always prioritize safety when handling firearms.
Understanding Headspace
Headspace refers to the distance between the bolt face and the breech face of the cartridge case when the action is closed. This critical measurement determines how far the cartridge sits in the chamber. Too much headspace (excessive headspace) allows the cartridge to move excessively, potentially causing a dangerous setback or failure to fire. Too little headspace (undersized headspace) can cause the cartridge to not chamber correctly or even damage the case.
Tools You'll Need
Before you begin, gather the necessary tools. You'll need:
- Headspace gauge: This is a specialized tool, specific to your rifle's caliber, designed to precisely measure headspace. Never attempt to use a gauge for a different caliber. Using the incorrect gauge is extremely dangerous.
- A clean rifle: Ensure your rifle is unloaded and clean. Any debris can interfere with accurate measurements.
- Safety Glasses: Always wear safety glasses when handling firearms and tools.
- Gloves (optional): Gloves can help maintain cleanliness and provide a better grip.
Checking Headspace: A Step-by-Step Guide
Note: The exact method might vary slightly depending on the rifle's action type (bolt-action, lever-action, etc.), but the fundamental principles remain the same. Consult your firearm's manual for specific instructions if necessary.
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Unload your rifle: This is paramount. Double-check that the chamber is empty and the magazine is removed. Visually inspect the chamber.
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Insert the headspace gauge: Carefully insert the "GO" gauge into the chamber. It should chamber smoothly without any excessive force. If it doesn't, there might be a problem, and you should stop and consult a qualified gunsmith.
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Check the "GO" gauge fit: The "GO" gauge should fit snugly but should close completely. If it's too loose or doesn't close, your headspace is likely excessive.
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Insert the "NO GO" gauge: After removing the "GO" gauge, insert the "NO GO" gauge. This gauge has a slightly larger dimension than the "GO" gauge. The "NO GO" gauge should NOT chamber. If it does, your headspace is excessive.
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Interpret the results:
- "GO" gauge fits, "NO GO" gauge does not: Headspace is within acceptable limits.
- "GO" gauge does not fit: Headspace is likely too tight.
- "NO GO" gauge fits: Headspace is excessive and dangerous.
What to Do if Headspace is Incorrect
If your headspace gauge indicates incorrect headspace, do not attempt to adjust it yourself. Incorrect adjustment can lead to severe damage or injury. Contact a qualified gunsmith immediately. They have the expertise and tools to safely adjust or repair your rifle.
Importance of Regular Checks
Regular headspace checks, especially after significant use or any repairs to the rifle, are essential for maintaining safety and firearm functionality. The frequency of checks will depend on the use and the type of firearm, so consult your owner's manual or a qualified gunsmith for specific recommendations.
Conclusion
Checking headspace is a critical aspect of responsible firearm ownership. This procedure ensures safe and reliable operation of your rifle. Always prioritize safety, use the correct tools, and seek professional help if you are unsure about any aspect of the process. Remember, consulting a qualified gunsmith is always the best option if you encounter any issues or concerns.
