The AR-15 platform, known for its modularity and ease of maintenance, requires regular cleaning and lubrication to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Field stripping, a crucial part of this process, allows you to thoroughly clean and inspect your rifle. This guide will walk you through the steps involved, providing clear instructions and safety precautions. Note: Always ensure your firearm is unloaded and clear before beginning any maintenance.
Tools You'll Need
Before you begin, gather the following tools:
- A cleaning rod: For pushing cleaning patches through the barrel.
- Cleaning patches: To remove fouling from the barrel.
- Gun oil: To lubricate moving parts.
- A bore brush: To effectively scrub the bore.
- A nylon brush: For cleaning the bolt carrier group.
- A towel or rag: To wipe down parts and catch debris.
Step-by-Step Field Stripping Instructions
The field stripping process is straightforward and involves removing a few key components. Here's a detailed breakdown:
Step 1: Ensure the Firearm is Unloaded
This is the most crucial step. Double-check the chamber and magazine well to ensure no ammunition is present. Visually inspect the weapon and perform a function check.
Step 2: Remove the Magazine
Detach the magazine from the rifle. This prevents accidental discharges and makes handling easier.
Step 3: Depress the Bolt Catch
Push the bolt catch lever (located on the left side of the lower receiver) to release the bolt. The bolt carrier group (BCG) should slide backward slightly. Manually retract the charging handle fully to the rear, locking the BCG open. This prevents the BCG from moving unexpectedly.
Step 4: Separate the Upper and Lower Receivers
With the BCG locked to the rear, grasp the upper receiver and carefully rotate it forward and away from the lower receiver. It should separate relatively easily. Pay attention to how the upper and lower receivers mate; this will be crucial when reassembling the firearm.
Step 5: Removing the Bolt Carrier Group (BCG)
Once the upper and lower receivers are separated, gently lift and pull the bolt carrier group (BCG) out of the upper receiver. Set it aside in a clean area to prevent damage or loss of small parts.
Step 6: Disassembling the Bolt Carrier Group (Optional)
While not strictly part of field stripping, disassembling the BCG allows for a more thorough cleaning. This involves removing the bolt from the bolt carrier. Refer to your specific firearm's manual for details on proper BCG disassembly, as this process varies slightly depending on the manufacturer and model.
Cleaning and Lubrication
After field stripping, thoroughly clean all components using the appropriate tools and cleaning materials. Pay close attention to the bore, bolt face, and other critical areas. Apply a light coat of gun oil to all moving parts before reassembly.
Reassembly
Reassembly is simply the reverse of the stripping process. Carefully align the upper and lower receivers, ensuring the BCG is seated correctly in the upper receiver before inserting it back into the lower. Work slowly and deliberately.
Safety Precautions
- Always treat every firearm as if it were loaded.
- Never point the firearm at anything you do not intend to shoot.
- Keep your fingers off the trigger until ready to fire.
- Be aware of your surroundings and ensure a safe shooting environment.
- Follow all relevant laws and regulations.
This detailed guide provides a comprehensive overview of field stripping an AR-15. Remember, always consult your firearm's owner's manual for specific instructions and recommendations. Safety is paramount when handling firearms. Practice regularly, and ensure you are comfortable with the process before performing it in the field.
