Montana, known for its stunning mountains, vast plains, and pristine wilderness, is a state many associate with rugged beauty and outdoor adventure. But what about its slithery inhabitants? The question on many people's minds, especially those planning a visit or considering relocation, is: Does Montana have snakes? The answer is a resounding yes, though the diversity and distribution of snake species might surprise you. This comprehensive guide explores the snakes found in Montana, dispelling common myths and providing valuable information for both residents and visitors.
Types of Snakes Found in Montana
While Montana's snake population isn't as diverse as some warmer states, several species call the state home. These snakes vary significantly in size, appearance, and habitat preferences. Let's explore some of the most common:
1. Garter Snakes (Thamnophis spp.)
Garter snakes are arguably the most prevalent snakes in Montana. Several subspecies exist, often exhibiting variations in color and pattern. These relatively small, non-venomous snakes are typically found near water sources like rivers, lakes, and marshes. They play a crucial role in the ecosystem, controlling populations of insects and small rodents. Identifying a specific garter snake subspecies often requires close examination and expert knowledge.
2. Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi)
Also known as Great Plains ratsnakes, bullsnakes are larger, non-venomous constrictors. They are often mistaken for rattlesnakes due to their size and tendency to hiss defensively. However, bullsnakes lack rattles and are harmless to humans, though a large one might give a surprising fright. They primarily feed on rodents and are beneficial to agriculture due to their pest-control capabilities. Their habitat ranges from grasslands to open woodlands.
3. Racers (Coluber constrictor)
Racers are sleek, fast-moving snakes known for their agility. These non-venomous snakes are excellent climbers and often found in a variety of habitats, from grasslands to rocky areas. They are primarily diurnal (active during the day) and feed on small mammals, lizards, and other snakes. Their slender bodies and swift movements make them a fascinating sight to observe, though they are quick to flee human contact.
4. Western Hognose Snake (Heterodon nasicus)
The western hognose snake is a distinctive species known for its upturned snout and unique defensive behavior. When threatened, they flatten their heads, hiss aggressively, and may even play dead – a remarkable form of deception. This non-venomous snake primarily feeds on toads and frogs, making moist environments its preferred habitat.
Are Montana Snakes Dangerous?
The vast majority of snakes found in Montana are non-venomous and pose no significant threat to humans. While some may hiss or strike defensively, their bites are rarely harmful. However, it’s crucial to always respect wildlife and maintain a safe distance. Avoid handling any snake you encounter, as even non-venomous snakes can inflict a painful bite if provoked.
What to Do if You Encounter a Snake in Montana
If you encounter a snake in Montana, the best course of action is to simply observe it from a safe distance and allow it to continue on its way. Do not attempt to handle or capture the snake. If you are concerned about a snake near your home or property, contact a local wildlife removal service.
Conclusion: Coexisting with Montana's Snakes
Understanding the different snake species in Montana allows for a greater appreciation of the state's biodiversity and promotes responsible interaction with wildlife. By recognizing that most Montana snakes are harmless and play a valuable role in the ecosystem, we can foster a more harmonious coexistence between humans and these often misunderstood creatures. Remember, respecting wildlife is key to preserving the natural beauty of Montana for generations to come.
