Finding old shotgun shells tucked away in an attic, basement, or garage is more common than you might think. But are these seemingly innocuous relics actually dangerous? The short answer is: potentially, yes. The level of danger depends on several factors, and understanding those factors is crucial for safe handling and disposal.
Factors Determining the Danger of Old Shotgun Shells
Several factors contribute to the potential risk associated with old shotgun shells:
1. Age and Condition of the Shells:
- Corrosion: Over time, the metal casing of shotgun shells can corrode, especially if exposed to moisture. This corrosion can weaken the shell, potentially leading to unpredictable behavior if fired. Rust and pitting are clear signs of degradation.
- Primer Degradation: The primer, the small explosive charge at the base of the shell, is crucial for ignition. Old primers can become unstable or fail to ignite altogether, but equally concerning, they might become too sensitive to impact or friction, leading to accidental detonation.
- Powder Deterioration: Gunpowder, while relatively stable, can degrade over time. This degradation can manifest as caking, clumping, or the release of potentially harmful gases. Degraded powder might burn incompletely, leading to increased pressure within the barrel if fired, potentially causing a dangerous explosion.
2. Storage Conditions:
- Moisture Exposure: As mentioned, moisture is a major enemy of shotgun shells. Damp environments accelerate corrosion and primer degradation.
- Temperature Fluctuations: Extreme temperature changes can also affect the stability of the gunpowder and primer.
- Improper Storage: Storing shells in direct sunlight or near sources of heat will accelerate deterioration.
3. Type of Shell:
- Black Powder vs. Smokeless Powder: Older shells might contain black powder, which is generally less stable than modern smokeless powder. Black powder is more prone to degradation and is more susceptible to moisture.
- Shell Type (e.g., birdshot, buckshot, slugs): While the type of shot doesn't directly impact the shell's danger level from aging, the potential damage from an accidental discharge is significantly greater with buckshot or slugs.
Handling Old Shotgun Shells Safely
Never attempt to fire old shotgun shells. The risks involved significantly outweigh any potential benefit. If you discover old shotgun shells, follow these safety precautions:
- Handle with Care: Avoid dropping or impacting the shells. Wear gloves to minimize contact with potentially corrosive materials.
- Visual Inspection: Carefully examine each shell for signs of corrosion, damage, or swelling.
- Proper Disposal: Do not throw old shotgun shells in the trash. Contact your local law enforcement agency or a licensed firearms dealer for guidance on safe disposal methods. Many jurisdictions have specific regulations regarding the disposal of ammunition.
Conclusion: Prioritize Safety
While some old shotgun shells might appear harmless, the potential dangers associated with age, degradation, and improper storage should never be underestimated. Prioritizing safety through careful handling and responsible disposal is paramount. When in doubt, always err on the side of caution and seek expert advice from your local law enforcement or a licensed firearms dealer. Their guidance will help you ensure the safe and responsible handling of any old ammunition you discover.
