Choosing the right cartridge for hunting or recreational shooting can be a daunting task, especially when faced with options like the classic 45-70 Government and the newer 350 Legend. Both boast impressive stopping power, but their applications and characteristics differ significantly. This detailed comparison will help you understand the strengths and weaknesses of each, allowing you to make an informed decision based on your specific needs.
Ballistics and Performance: A Head-to-Head
The 45-70 Government, a venerable round with a rich history, is known for its substantial knock-down power. Its larger diameter (.458 inch) and heavier bullets (typically 300-500 grains) deliver substantial energy downrange, making it exceptionally effective for large game hunting. The 45-70's trajectory, however, is noticeably more curved than the 350 Legend, requiring more precise aiming at longer ranges.
The 350 Legend, designed as a more modern alternative, offers a flatter trajectory and less recoil. Its smaller diameter (.358 inch) and lighter bullets (typically 150-200 grains) generate less recoil, making it easier to handle for extended shooting sessions. While possessing considerable stopping power, particularly for deer-sized game, it's generally considered less potent than the 45-70 at longer distances.
Key Ballistic Differences Summarized:
| Feature | 45-70 Government | 350 Legend |
|---|---|---|
| Caliber | .458 inch | .358 inch |
| Bullet Weight | 300-500 grains (and heavier options) | 150-200 grains |
| Recoil | Significantly higher | Significantly lower |
| Trajectory | More curved | Flatter |
| Effective Range | Shorter, dependent on load | Longer, relative to 45-70 |
| Game Application | Large game hunting (bear, elk, moose) | Deer-sized game |
Recoil and Shootability: A Matter of Preference
The 45-70's substantial recoil is a major factor to consider. While manageable for experienced shooters, it can be challenging for beginners or those with less upper body strength. This recoil contributes to faster fatigue during extended shooting sessions.
The 350 Legend, conversely, offers a much milder recoil experience. This makes it a more comfortable round for practice, plinking, and even for less experienced shooters who might be intimidated by the 45-70's powerful kick.
Ammunition Availability and Cost
Ammunition for the 45-70 Government is readily available, although it tends to be slightly more expensive than 350 Legend ammunition. The popularity of the 45-70, however, ensures that a wide variety of loads – from low-recoil target rounds to hard-hitting hunting rounds – are easily accessible.
The 350 Legend, being a more recent cartridge, is seeing increasingly wider availability. Its ammunition is generally more affordable than the 45-70, making it a more budget-friendly option for practice and regular shooting.
Rifle Availability and Versatility
Both cartridges are chambered in a variety of rifles, from lever-action rifles to bolt-action rifles, and even some single-shot options. The 45-70, due to its longer history, often has a wider selection of firearms available, including many classic and collectible models. The 350 Legend is rapidly gaining popularity, and the number of rifles chambered in this caliber is steadily increasing.
Conclusion: The Right Cartridge for You
The choice between the 45-70 Government and the 350 Legend ultimately depends on your specific needs and priorities. The 45-70 excels in stopping power for large game, but its recoil and trajectory might make it less suitable for all shooters. The 350 Legend, on the other hand, prioritizes shootability and a flatter trajectory, proving ideal for deer hunting and recreational shooting, especially for those sensitive to recoil. Carefully consider your intended use, experience level, and budget to make the best decision.
