22 Hornet vs. 17 WSM: A Detailed Cartridge Comparison for Small Game Hunting
Choosing the right cartridge for small game hunting can feel overwhelming. Both the .22 Hornet and the .17 WSM are popular choices, each boasting strengths and weaknesses. This in-depth comparison will help you decide which cartridge best suits your needs and hunting style. We'll examine factors like ballistics, recoil, cost, and overall effectiveness to guide you toward an informed decision.
Ballistics: Range, Accuracy, and Energy
The .22 Hornet, a time-tested classic, offers a respectable balance of range and accuracy. Its heavier bullets retain energy better at longer distances compared to the .17 WSM, making it suitable for shots beyond 200 yards (with proper bullet selection and shooter skill). However, its lower velocity results in a flatter trajectory only at shorter ranges.
The .17 WSM, on the other hand, excels in speed. Its higher velocity translates to a flatter trajectory at longer ranges. However, its lighter bullets lose energy more quickly than the .22 Hornet's heavier projectiles, limiting its effective range, particularly when considering ethical hunting practices.
| Feature | .22 Hornet | .17 WSM |
|---|---|---|
| Velocity | Lower | Higher |
| Energy | Higher at longer ranges | Higher at shorter ranges |
| Recoil | Lower | Lower |
| Trajectory | Flatter at shorter ranges | Flatter at longer ranges (with caveats) |
| Effective Range | Typically under 250 yards | Typically under 200 yards |
Recoil and Shootability
Both cartridges are known for their mild recoil, making them excellent choices for novice hunters or those sensitive to recoil. The .17 WSM might have a slightly sharper recoil due to its higher velocity, but it's still manageable. The lighter recoil of both cartridges contributes to improved accuracy and target acquisition, especially during rapid follow-up shots.
Cost and Availability
Ammunition for the .22 Hornet is generally more readily available and often less expensive than .17 WSM ammo. This can be a significant factor, especially for hunters who shoot frequently. The price difference can be substantial, especially if you're planning extended hunting trips.
Hunting Applications: What Each Cartridge Excels At
Choosing the .22 Hornet:
- Longer-range shots: Its superior energy retention makes it better for shots beyond 150 yards, particularly when hunting larger small game.
- Heavier game: The .22 Hornet is a more effective choice for animals like coyotes or larger rabbits where a more substantial impact is needed.
- Budget-conscious hunters: Ammunition cost is generally lower.
Choosing the .17 WSM:
- Very small game: Its high velocity and lighter bullets are ideal for prarie dogs and other small varmints.
- Flatter trajectory at moderate ranges: For shots within its effective range, it offers a superior trajectory.
- High velocity applications: While not ideal for larger game, its high velocity makes it great for varmint hunting that demands speed.
Conclusion: The Right Cartridge for You
The ideal choice between the .22 Hornet and the .17 WSM depends entirely on your hunting needs and preferences. Consider the types of game you intend to hunt, your preferred shooting range, and your budget. The .22 Hornet offers versatility and affordability, while the .17 WSM excels in high-velocity applications for smaller targets at closer ranges. Ultimately, choosing the best cartridge is a matter of understanding your hunting style and making an informed decision based on these key factors.
