The Colt 1851 Navy revolver, a true icon of the Wild West, holds a special place in firearms history. But its story doesn't end with its original percussion cap ignition system. The development of the conversion cylinder significantly extended its lifespan and relevance, transforming this classic revolver into a potent rimfire weapon. This article will explore the 1851 Navy Colt conversion cylinder, delving into its history, functionality, and enduring appeal among collectors and enthusiasts.
The Rise of Rimfire Technology and the Need for Conversion
The mid-19th century saw a gradual shift away from the less reliable percussion cap ignition system towards the more efficient and convenient rimfire cartridges. This technological advancement spurred the creation of conversion cylinders, allowing owners of older percussion revolvers to adapt their firearms to the newer, more readily available rimfire ammunition. This was particularly crucial for the popular Colt 1851 Navy, keeping it a viable option in a rapidly changing technological landscape.
Understanding the Mechanics of the Conversion Cylinder
The 1851 Navy Colt conversion cylinder wasn't a simple drop-in replacement. It required careful machining and modification to ensure proper function and safety. Unlike the original cylinder, designed for loose powder and a percussion cap, the conversion cylinder featured chambers specifically bored to accept rimfire cartridges. This typically meant .22 Short or .22 Long rimfire rounds, depending on the manufacturer of the conversion cylinder. The conversion also often necessitated some adjustments to the revolver's loading lever and cylinder rotation mechanism for optimal operation with the new cartridges.
Variations and Manufacturers of Conversion Cylinders
Several manufacturers produced conversion cylinders for the Colt 1851 Navy, each with slight variations in design and quality. While some were well-made and reliable, others were less so, underscoring the importance of careful research and due diligence when acquiring a conversion cylinder today. The quality of the conversion cylinder directly impacted the accuracy and reliability of the converted revolver. Some were more precisely machined than others, leading to differences in performance.
Identifying Authentic and Reputable Conversion Cylinders
Authenticity is a major concern for collectors. Determining whether a conversion cylinder is original or a later reproduction requires careful examination of its markings, construction, and materials. Experts can often identify subtle clues that distinguish original pieces from modern reproductions. There are key hallmarks to look for that distinguish authentic examples from modern reproductions. This may involve checking for manufacturer's markings, scrutinizing the metallurgy of the cylinder, and assessing the overall craftsmanship.
The Legacy and Collecting Value of the Conversion Cylinder
Today, the 1851 Navy Colt conversion cylinder holds a significant place among firearm collectors and enthusiasts. The combination of history, adaptability, and a tangible link to a bygone era makes them highly sought-after items. Their value can vary considerably depending on the maker, condition, and originality of the cylinder.
Beyond Collecting: Practical Considerations
While primarily appreciated for their historical significance, some individuals still use converted 1851 Navy revolvers for recreational shooting. It's crucial to remember that these are antique firearms and should only be handled by experienced shooters who understand the nuances of antique firearms safety. Using modern ammunition in a century-and-a-half-old revolver necessitates careful consideration of safety protocols.
Conclusion: A Piece of American Firearms History
The 1851 Navy Colt conversion cylinder serves as a testament to human ingenuity and the enduring legacy of a classic firearm. It represents a pivotal moment in firearms technology, allowing a beloved revolver to adapt to a new era. Whether appreciating it for its historical importance, mechanical intricacies, or collecting value, the conversion cylinder remains a compelling piece of American firearms history. For those interested in purchasing one, thorough research and consultation with reputable experts are crucial to ensure authenticity and safe handling.
