Choosing between the 17 HMR and the .22 WMR can be tricky. Both are popular rimfire cartridges known for their accuracy and power, but they cater to slightly different needs. This in-depth comparison will help you decide which cartridge best suits your shooting style and intended use.
Cartridge Size and Ballistics: Key Differences
The most obvious difference lies in the cartridge size itself. The 17 HMR (Hornady Magnum Rimfire) is significantly smaller than the .22 WMR (Winchester Magnum Rimfire). This size difference translates to noticeable ballistic variations:
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Velocity: The 17 HMR boasts a considerably higher muzzle velocity, typically ranging from 2500 to 2600 fps (feet per second), compared to the .22 WMR's velocity of roughly 1500 to 1600 fps. This higher velocity in the 17 HMR results in a flatter trajectory, extending its effective range.
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Energy: While the .22 WMR delivers more energy at the muzzle due to its heavier bullet, the 17 HMR maintains a higher level of energy downrange thanks to its superior ballistic coefficient. This is a crucial factor when considering effective hunting range.
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Recoil: The lighter bullet and lower recoil of the 17 HMR make it more comfortable for extended shooting sessions, particularly for those new to shooting or with less physical strength. The .22 WMR has noticeably more recoil.
Hunting Applications: Which Cartridge Reigns Supreme?
Both cartridges are suitable for small game hunting, but their strengths vary depending on the target and hunting conditions:
17 HMR Hunting Advantages:
- Extended Range: The 17 HMR's higher velocity translates to a greater effective range, making it ideal for longer shots on smaller game like prairie dogs, squirrels, and rabbits.
- Flatter Trajectory: This allows for more precise aiming, even at extended distances.
- Less Damage to Meat: The smaller bullet diameter generally results in less meat damage, providing cleaner kills.
.22 WMR Hunting Advantages:
- Greater Stopping Power: The heavier bullet of the .22 WMR delivers greater stopping power, making it a more effective choice for larger small game like groundhogs or coyotes (though other calibers might be preferable for coyotes).
- Availability and Cost: .22 WMR ammunition is often more readily available and can be slightly less expensive than 17 HMR.
Target Shooting: Accuracy and Precision
Both cartridges are capable of excellent accuracy, but subtle differences exist:
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17 HMR Target Shooting: Its higher velocity and flatter trajectory contribute to precise shot placement at longer ranges, making it a solid choice for longer-range target practice. However, the lighter bullet weight can be affected more by wind.
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.22 WMR Target Shooting: The heavier bullet offers slightly better resistance to wind, making it potentially more accurate at longer ranges in windy conditions. Its lower velocity might make it slightly less challenging for beginners learning trajectory compensation.
Ammunition Availability and Cost
While both cartridges are readily available, the .22 WMR generally enjoys broader availability and sometimes lower cost per round, particularly in bulk purchases. The 17 HMR, while less widely available, can still be found at most sporting goods stores and online retailers.
Conclusion: The Right Cartridge for You
The choice between the 17 HMR and the .22 WMR ultimately depends on your priorities. If you prioritize long-range accuracy, flatter trajectory, less recoil, and hunting smaller game at longer distances, the 17 HMR is the better option. If you need greater stopping power for slightly larger game, prefer broader ammunition availability, and are less concerned with extreme long-range accuracy, the .22 WMR is a suitable alternative. Consider your specific needs and hunting style before making your decision.
