The 12 gauge double barrel shotgun holds a special place in the hearts of hunters, collectors, and enthusiasts alike. Its classic design, powerful stopping power, and inherent reliability have solidified its position as a timeless firearm. This guide delves into the intricacies of 12 gauge double barrel shotguns, exploring their history, various types, key features, and considerations for potential buyers.
A Rich History and Enduring Legacy
The double barrel shotgun's design dates back centuries, evolving from early flintlock designs to the modern hammerless actions we see today. The 12 gauge, with its widespread availability and versatility, quickly became the dominant caliber. Its use spans a broad range of applications, from hunting upland birds and waterfowl to home defense and sporting clays. The inherent simplicity and robustness of the design contribute to its enduring appeal. Many consider the satisfying "double-bang" a hallmark of the shooting experience.
Types of 12 Gauge Double Barrel Shotguns
Several variations exist within the 12 gauge double barrel category, each tailored to specific needs and preferences:
Side-by-Side (SXS)
The most classic configuration, the side-by-side features two barrels arranged parallel to each other. This design is generally known for its elegant aesthetics and balanced handling. SXS shotguns are often favored for hunting, particularly upland game birds.
Over-Under (O/U)
Over-under shotguns position one barrel directly above the other. This design allows for a more compact and potentially faster follow-up shot, although some shooters find the SXS design more intuitive. O/U shotguns are popular across various disciplines, including sporting clays and hunting.
Hammer Guns vs. Hammerless Guns
A significant distinction lies in the presence or absence of exposed hammers. Hammer guns, often associated with older designs, require manual cocking. Hammerless guns, however, feature concealed hammers, offering a smoother, cleaner action and often improved safety features.
Key Features to Consider
When choosing a 12 gauge double barrel, several features demand attention:
Barrel Length
Barrel length significantly impacts the shotgun's handling, swing characteristics, and recoil. Shorter barrels are generally lighter and more maneuverable, while longer barrels offer potentially better shot patterns and less recoil.
Choke Tubes
Choke tubes restrict the shot pattern, impacting the shot's spread and range. Different chokes (e.g., full, modified, improved cylinder) cater to various hunting situations and target distances. Interchangeable choke tubes offer considerable versatility.
Stock and Forend
The stock and forend's dimensions are crucial for proper fit and comfortable shooting. A well-fitting shotgun enhances accuracy and reduces fatigue during extended shooting sessions.
Safety Mechanisms
Safety is paramount. Familiarize yourself thoroughly with the shotgun's safety mechanisms before handling or firing it. Reliable and intuitive safety features are crucial for safe and responsible gun ownership.
Choosing Your 12 Gauge Double Barrel
Selecting the right 12 gauge double barrel involves careful consideration of your intended use, budget, and personal preferences. Researching different models, reading reviews, and potentially handling various shotguns before purchasing will help ensure a sound decision. Always prioritize safety and responsible gun ownership. Consult with experienced shooters or professionals to gain valuable insights and guidance.
Conclusion
The 12 gauge double barrel shotgun remains a highly sought-after firearm, blending classic design with reliable performance. Understanding its nuances, variations, and key features empowers you to make an informed choice tailored to your specific needs and shooting style. Remember, responsible gun ownership involves thorough training and a deep understanding of firearm safety.
